a field theory motivated approach to computer algebra

# vary

Generic variation algorithm for functional derivatives.
Generic variation command. Takes a rule or a set of rules according to which the terms in a sum should be varied. In every term, apply the rule once to every factor.
ex:= A B + A C; vary(_, $A -> \epsilon D, B -> \epsilon C, C -> \epsilon A - \epsilon B$ );
$$\displaystyle{}A B% +A C$$
$$\displaystyle{}\epsilon D B% +A \epsilon C% +\epsilon D C% +A \left(\epsilon A% -\epsilon B\right)$$
It also works when acting on powers, in which case it will use the product rule to expand them.
ex:= A**3; vary(_, $A -> \delta{A}$);
$$\displaystyle{}A^{3}$$
$$\displaystyle{}3A^{2} \delta\left(A\right)$$
This algorithm is thus mostly intended for variational derivatives.
\partial{#}::PartialDerivative; ex:= -\int{\partial_{\mu}{\phi} \partial^{\mu}{\phi} + m**2 \phi**2}{x};
$$\displaystyle{}\text{Attached property PartialDerivative to }\partial{\#}.$$
$$\displaystyle{}-\int{}\left(\partial_{\mu}{\phi} \partial^{\mu}{\phi}% +m^{2} \phi^{2}\right)\, {\rm d}x$$
vary(ex, $\phi -> \delta{\phi}$);
$$\displaystyle{}-\int{}\left(\partial_{\mu}{\delta\left(\phi\right)} \partial^{\mu}{\phi}% +\partial_{\mu}{\phi} \partial^{\mu}{\delta\left(\phi\right)}% +2m^{2} \phi \delta\left(\phi\right)\right)\, {\rm d}x$$
integrate_by_parts(ex, $\delta{\phi}$);
$$\displaystyle{}-\int{}\left(-\delta\left(\phi\right) \partial_{\mu}\,^{\mu}{\phi}% -\partial^{\mu}\,_{\mu}{\phi} \delta\left(\phi\right)% +2m^{2} \phi \delta\left(\phi\right)\right)\, {\rm d}x$$
canonicalise(_) sort_product(_);
$$\displaystyle{}-\int{}\left(-2\delta\left(\phi\right) \partial^{\mu}\,_{\mu}{\phi}% +2\delta\left(\phi\right) \phi m^{2}\right)\, {\rm d}x$$
factor_out(_, $\delta{\phi}$);
$$\displaystyle{}-\int{}\delta\left(\phi\right) \left(-2\partial^{\mu}\,_{\mu}{\phi}% +2\phi m^{2}\right)\, {\rm d}x$$